If you’re new to ball hockey or just trying to figure out what format suits you best, you’ve probably come across games labeled 3-on-3, 4-on-4, or 5-on-5. But these aren’t just numbers—they’re completely different styles of play. Each format offers a different experience when it comes to pace, space, teamwork, and skill development.
So let’s break it down and help you figure out what kind of game is right for you.
3-on-3: Chaos or Collapse
3-on-3 ball hockey is usually played in small gyms or tight indoor spaces where the full team size just doesn’t fit. And while it sounds fun (and often is), this format is either pure chaos or all-out defense.
Here’s why: with just three players on each side, there’s no room for passengers. Everyone has to move. There’s no such thing as a dedicated “defenseman” in 3-on-3—everyone defends, everyone attacks. If your third guy hangs back or doesn’t commit, you’re basically attacking 2-on-3, and that’s a guaranteed turnover.
What ends up happening is either:
- Full collapse defense with no space to make plays
- Or all-out, non-stop running where players just fire the ball from distance, hoping for rebounds or fluke goals
Most of the time, it’s not “real hockey.” It doesn’t reward patience, structure, or vision. But it’s still good for cardio, quick hands, and reaction time. If that’s all you have access to, use it to sharpen your instincts—but know its limitations.
4-on-4: The Sweet Spot
4-on-4 is where actual ball hockey starts.
Most indoor gyms can support this format without feeling cramped. You get just enough space to make plays, but tight enough that speed and decision-making matter.
Older guys with high IQ can dominate in 4-on-4 because it’s not all about fitness. It’s about knowing when to move, where to be, and how to find space. Fit players can still run circles, but if they don’t understand spacing, they won’t control the game.
This format rewards:
- Quick give-and-go passing
- Small-area stickhandling
- Good communication
- Reading teammates and anticipating plays
If you’re a beginner asking “what game should I start with?” — this is it. You’ll get real reps in game-like situations, without the overwhelm of a full-size rink. Plus, the habits you build here translate well when you move up to 5-on-5.
5-on-5: Full Rink, Full Systems
5-on-5 is organized, full-rink hockey.
Whether you’re playing on a roller rink, outdoor surface, or an indoor court with proper dimensions, this is the closest you’ll get to ice hockey—but with a ball.
With more space, everything changes:
- Transitions are longer
- Passes take more time to reach their target
- Turnovers are more punishing
- Line changes and shift management matter
It becomes less about just running hard, and more about team systems, structure, and execution. You need chemistry, puck support, and zone coverage. If you’re not in the right place, your line will get exposed.
If you’re not used to this yet, it can feel fast and unforgiving. But if you’ve trained in 4-on-4, the jump feels natural.
Which Format Should You Start With?
If you’re starting out, begin with 4-on-4. It gives you enough space to play real hockey, but not so much that you get lost. It teaches you how to move without the ball, make quick decisions, and work as a team.
Here’s a quick guide:
| Format | Space | Skill Level Needed | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3-on-3 | Tight | Low IQ, High Chaos | Quick touches, conditioning |
| 4-on-4 | Balanced | Medium to High | Developing team play |
| 5-on-5 | Large | High | Full-game systems and execution |
Each format brings something valuable, but they’re not interchangeable.
Final Word
Ball hockey comes in all shapes and sizes. If your goal is to improve, don’t just play for sweat—play for skill. Start in 4-on-4, build your foundation, and level up from there.
You’ll not only get better—you’ll start playing hockey the right way.